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If you need to move your Linux installation to a different hard drive or partition (and keep it working) and your distro uses grub this tech tip is what you need.

To start, get a live CD and boot into it. I prefer Ubuntu for things like this. It has Gparted. Now follow the steps outlined below.

Copying

• Mount both your source and destination partitions.
• Run this command from a terminal:

    $ sudo cp -afv /path/to/source/* /path/to/destination

  Don’t forget the asterisk after the source path.

• After the command finishes copying, shut down, remove the source drive, and boot the live CD again.

Configuration

• Mount your destination drive (or partition).
• Run the command “gksu gedit” (or use nano or vi).
• Edit the file /etc/fstab. Change the UUID or device entry with the mount point / (the root partition) to your new drive. You can find your new drive’s (or partition’s) UUID with this command:

    $ ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid/

• Edit the file /boot/grub/menu.lst. Change the UUID of the appropriate entries at the bottom of the file to the new one.

Install Grub

• Run sudo grub.
• At the Grub prompt, type:

    find /boot/grub/menu.lst

  This will tell you what your new drive and partition’s number is. (Something like hd(0,0))

• Type:

    root hd(0,0)

  but replace „hd(0,0)“ with your partition’s number from above.

• Type:

    setup hd(0)

  but replace „hd(0)“ with your drive’s number from above. (Omit the comma and the number after it).

That’s it! You should now have a bootable working copy of your source drive on your destination drive! You can use this to move to a different drive, partition, or filesystem.

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# Apache Process Monitor
# Restart Apache Web Server When It Goes Down
# ––––––––––––––––––––––––-
# Copyright (c) 2003 nixCraft project <http://cyberciti.biz/fb/>
# This script is licensed under GNU GPL version 2.0 or above
# ––––––––––––––––––––––––-
# This script is part of nixCraft shell script collection (NSSC)
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RESTART=“/sbin/service httpd restart“

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#path to pgrep command
PGREP=“/usr/bin/pgrep“

# Httpd daemon name,
# Under RHEL/CentOS/Fedora it is httpd
# Under Debian 4.x it is apache2
HTTPD=“httpd“

# find httpd pid
$PGREP ${HTTPD}

if [ $? -ne 0 ] # if apache not running
then
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fi